Machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool.



No. 726,014. f I PATEIITBD APR. 2119'03.

` g II. AUSTIN. MACHINE TOR CUTTING 0R sIIEAIIING HAIR 0R WooI..

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23; 1902. N0 HDDEL.

Nrrnn STATE-sf PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT AUSTIN, OF ERDINGTON, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING `OIR SI-lEARINGv HAIR-.OR WOOL.

srnclFIcA'rIoN forming paru of Letters Patent NQ. 726,014,01atanpn1 a1', 190s.

Appunti@ niet July 23.1902. l

To all whom it may coz/toorn:

Be it known that I, HERBERT AUSTIN, en-I gineer, a subject of the King of Great Brit` ain, residing at Erdington, near Birmingham, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Cutting or Shearing Hair or Wool, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates chiefly tothe type of machines for cutting or shearing hair or wool in which a sidewise-vibrating lever carried within a suitable case, which may beheld by the hand, is mechanically operated at its rear end to reciprocate the cutter; but the invention is in part applicable'alsof to machines for the like purpose which are operated by hand;

The invention has for its objects in'regard to a mechanically-'operated machine improvee ments in construction which'ffaci-litate1 the manufacture of the case,"improved means of carrying the reeling support frequently used under the hinder end of the sidewise-vibrating lever, and an improved method of carrying the bearing by means of which the forward end of the lever is pressed down upon the cutter and of adjusting the `pressure whereby the sidewise-vibrating lever may be more readily removed from the case than heretofore; and the invention has the ,object in regard both to mechanically.- operated and hand-operated machines to improve the means for equalizing the pressure of the fork ends of the sidewise-vibrating lever upon the several teeth of the cutter.

The invention is illustrated by the draw-v ings herewith, of which- Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation through a mechanically-operated mal chine embodying my improvements. Fig. 42 is a side elevation of such machine. Fig.v 3 f is a sectional plan Vof the machine, taken as to one portion along the longitudinal axesof the spindles and as to the other portion immediately above the sidewise-vibrating lever, j showing such lever in plan View, with theY parts above removed and the sides of the case in section. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the machine, and Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line mof Fig.-.l looking in a backward direction.

A is the case of the machine, within which is journaled the spindle B, which is driven at serial No. 116.6011. ,on mani) its hinder end, as usual, through the medium of flexible gear, which allows the machine to be moved about while in operation without moving the motor from which the power is derived.

C is the sidewise vibrating lever, which is operated, as is usual, bythe forward end of the spindle B, such as through 'the medium of a crank-pin a, vwhich operatesr 'a slider b within a vertical guide o, formed inthe hinder end of the lever. The lever vibrates sidewise about the axis of a stud D, bywhich downward pressure is brought upon the lever to press its forward or forked end upon the cutter E. to press the cutter with. required force nponathefcomb F.l jThe hinder end of the lever C .is supported by. a reeling pillar G, 'suchashas previously been employed forfthe purpose, the upper end of which is preferably ball-shapedandbears within a cup formed in the under side of the lever and the lower end `of which forms a portion of a sphere which is struck from .the center of the ball, as in the case ofthe rocking pillar previously used forthe like purpose.A The under side of the forward end .of .the case is formed quite flat, as shown by Figsrl, 2, and 5,.,and'a circular.y hole is-formed'through the bottom H of suchportion ofthe case to receive a short length of tube J,whichfsurro`unds ,the lower end of the reeling,V pillar G. A ilat steel plate Kris. screwed to the under side of the at portion of the case and forms the bottom of the circular hole through the bottom H of the case, which receives the tube J and lower end ofthe reeling pillar G and provides the surface upon which such pillar rolls.

This formation of the bottom of the case greatly facilitates its manufacture, and the utilization ofaflat plate K, fixed thereto, to form the :bearing-surface for the bottom of the reeling pillar, constitutes a very simple method of providing a surface for-the purposewhich shall be true with the comb, as the comb F also is screwed up, as is usual,against the under side of the bottom H of the'case. It is ICO ver C vibrates sidewise, terminates, as is usual with such fulcrums, in a ball end, which bears within a cup formed in the lever. This stud is fixed, by means of lock-nuts d,

5 within a cover L, which closes in the upper portion of the forward end of the case A. This cover L fits snugly between the forward ends of the two sides e of the case and is provided at its forward end with side-A ro wise projecting pivot pins f, which are passed into slots g, formed in from the front ends of the sides e of the case. A slot 7L (shown in section by Fig. l and by broken lines in Fig. 4) is formed in from the hinder end of the cover L, through the top thereof, anda pin M is carried up from the bott-om I-I of the case through an opening j, formed through the lever C, which allows the lever to vibrate notwithstanding such pin. The 2o cover may be turned up upon the axis of its pivot-pins f out of the case or may be turned down within the case into the position in which it is shown in the drawings, with the ball end of the stud D bearing within the z5 cup formed in the upper face of the lever. When the cover L is down within the case, as shown, the pin M passes up through the slot h of the cover, and then anut Nis screwed upon the upper end of the pin M, and thus 3o brought to bear with su liicient force upon the cover to cause the desired pressure of the forward or forked end k k of the lever C upon *yN-*The cutter E. The pressure of the cutter E upon the comb F may thus be adjusted by the nut N through the medium of the cover L and stud D. The nutN may be prevented from turning accidentally in any convenient manner, such as in a manner which has been heretofore practiced for a similar purpose, 4o which comprises a spring O, fixed atits hinder end by means of set-screwst to the top of the case A and having a toothed forward end which engages with teeth formed at the under side of an outward rim or flange Z of the nut, the spring being disengaged from the nut, when the nut is to be turned by pressing the forward end of the spring downward. A portion of the nut N is shown as broken away in Fig. 4 to expose the forward end of the 5o spring. The open formation of the forward end of the case with the faces of its sides parallel at such end also greatly facilitates the manufacture of the case.

The lever C may be removed by merely previously removing the cutter E, cover L, and pin M; but as it is undesirable to disturb the pin M an opening is formed in from the forward end of the portion of the top of the case which is immediately to the rear of the cover 6o L to admit of the lever C being removed without removing the pin M. This opening r is normally covered by a plate s, which is fixed by the set-screws t, which are used also to fix the spring O, and in removing the plate 3 the spring also must of course be removed. The pin M is preferably utilized also, as shown, to fix the plate K to the under side of the case, having for such purpose a threaded portion m of enlarged diameter, which is screwed into the bottom of the case, and a head n, which bears up against the under side of the plate K.

The means by which according to this invention the pressure of a sidewise-vibrating lever, whether of a mechanically or of a hand operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, is equalized upon the teeth of the cutter consist in forming the cutter, as is common, with three teeth 1J q p and forming the end of the lever bifurcated or with two prongs 7s 7c only and causing the bearing portion 7c or k of each fork or member of the bifurcation to hear at a point which is at or about one-third of the distance from the.center of an outer tooth p toward the center of the middle tooth q of the cutter.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a mechanically-operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, a case to be grasped by the operator, a sidewise-vibrating lever within the case, suitable mechanism for Vibrating such lever, a cutter connected with the forward end of such lever, a comb upon which the cutter slides, a fulcrum about the axis of which the lever Vibrates, a reeling pillar which supports the hinder end of the lever, a fiat portion of the lower side of the case, a hole formed therethrough to receive the lower end of the reeling pillar, and a plate fixed against the fiat under surface of the case and forming the bottom of the said hole through the lower side of the case and providing the surface on which the reeling pillar rolls, substantially as set forth.

2. In a mechanically-operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, a case to be grasped by the operator, a sidewise-vibrating lever within the case, suitable mechanism for vibrating such lever, a cutter connected with the forward end of such lever, a flat portion of the lower side of the case, a comb fixed to the dat under surface of the case and upon which the cutter slides, a fulcrum about the axis of which the lever vibrates, a reeling pillar which supports the hinder end of the lever, a hole formed through the fiat portion of the lower side of the case to receive the lower end of the reeling pillar, and a plate fixed against the iiat under surface of the case and forming the bottom of the said hole through the lower side of the case and providing the surface on which the reeling pillar rolls, substantially as set forth.

3. In a mechanically-operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, a case to be grasped by the operator, said case having an open, upper forward end, a sidewise-vibrating lever within said case, mechanism for vibrating said lever, a cutter connected to and operated by the forward end of said lever, a comb upon which the cutter slides, a movable cover for the open end of the case, a fulcruin- IOO IIO

stud carried by said cover and bearin g on said lever, the latter vibrating about said stud as a fulcrum, andv means for depressing said cover and fulcrum-stud to adj ust the pressure of the forward end of the lever upon the cutter, substantially as set forth.

4. In a mechanically-operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, acase to be grasped by the operator, a sidewise-vibrating lever within the case, suitable mechanism for vibrating such lever, a cutter connected with the forward end of such lever, a comb upon which the cutter slides, a f ulcru m about which the lever vibrates, an open upper forward end of the case, notches g in the forward ends of the sides of the case, a removable cover L having pivot-pins f which engage with the notches g, a presser between such cover and the lever, and means by which the cover may be pressed down to adjust, through the medium of such presser, the pressure of the forward end of lthe lever upon the cutter, substantially as set forth.

5. In a mechanically-operated machine for cutting or shearing hair or wool, a case to be grasped by the operator, a sidewise-vibrating lever within the case, suitable mechanism forv'bratin g such lever, a cutter connected with the forward .end of such lever, a comb upon which the cutter slides, a fulcrum about which the lever vibrates, an open upper forward end of the case, a removable cover to such open portion, a presser between such cover and the lever, a vertical pi n which passes up through the case and through the cover, and a nut screwed upon such pin through the medium of which the cover may be pressed down to adjust the pressure of the forward end of ythe lever upon the cutter, substantially as set forth.

6L In a machine for the purpose specified, a case to be grasped by the operator, said case having an open,upperforwardendsidewisevibrating lever within said case, mechanism for vibrating said lever, a cutter connected to the forward end of said lever, a comb uponv which the said cutter slides, a movable cover which closes the open, forward end of the case, a fulcrum-stud carried by said cover and bearing upon said lever, the latter vibrating about said fulcrnm-stud, and means for regulating the pressure of the lever upon the cutter through the said fulcrum-stud, said means comprising a screw device which bears onv and depresses said cover and holds it depressed, substantially as set forth.

In' witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 11th day of July, 1902, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERBERT AUSTIN.

Witnesses:

ROBERT G. GRovEs, THOMAS MARs'roN. 

